The allure of rare coins from the 1800s lies in their ability to connect collectors with pivotal moments in American history. These coins embody craftsmanship, scarcity, and fascinating backstories, making them some of the most sought-after artifacts in the numismatic world.
From gold eagles to experimental coinage, the following are six extraordinary examples of 19th-century coins that continue to captivate enthusiasts and command record-breaking prices at auctions.
1. 1822 American Half Eagle AU-50: A Rarity Beyond Compare
The 1822 American Half Eagle holds legendary status in the world of numismatics. With only three surviving specimens, its scarcity is unparalleled. This $5 gold coin, composed of 91.7% gold, was a part of U.S. currency before its minting ended.
Two of the three known examples are safeguarded in the Smithsonian Institution, leaving just one available for private ownership. In 1945, this coin sold for $14,000—a groundbreaking sum at the time—and it remains one of the most coveted treasures for elite collectors today.
2. 1878 S Trade Dollar PCGS MS68: A Rare Gem of Trade History
Though over 4 million 1878 S Trade Dollars were originally minted, only a few remain in pristine condition today. Minted primarily for international trade, particularly with Asia, this coin consists of 90% silver.
Most examples were melted down in the mid-20th century, further adding to its rarity. A specimen graded PCGS MS68 sold for an astonishing $252,000 in 2019, showcasing its historical importance and exquisite craftsmanship.
| Coin | Composition | Original Mintage |
Auction Record
|
| 1878 S Trade Dollar | 90% Silver | Over 4 Million |
$252,000 in 2019
|
3. 1861 Paquet Liberty Head Double Eagle: The Golden Treasure
The 1861 Paquet Liberty Head Double Eagle, designed by Anthony C. Paquet, is revered for its distinct design and limited production. Though 2.9 million pieces were minted, very few remain in exceptional condition.
Some of these coins were recovered from the famed S.S. Central America shipwreck, adding an air of mystery to their legacy. One such coin sold for $352,500 in 2013, solidifying its place as one of the most valuable gold coins of the 19th century.
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4. 1838 $10 Liberty Head Gold Eagle: A Masterpiece of Design
The 1838 $10 Liberty Head Gold Eagle is celebrated as a trailblazer in U.S. coin design. While over 2.9 million were minted, only a handful exist in well-preserved condition today. Several specimens were also discovered in the S.S. Central America shipwreck, increasing their desirability.
In 2013, a highly graded example fetched $352,500 at auction, highlighting its status as an iconic piece of American history.
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5. 1880 $4 Coiled Hair Stella: A Rare Experiment in Coinage
The 1880 $4 Coiled Hair Stella is among the most experimental coins ever produced by the U.S. Mint. Crafted as part of an initiative to align U.S. coinage with international standards, only 10 examples were minted.
The coin’s unique design and composition—a mix of gold, copper, and silver—make it highly sought after. In 2015, one of these rare coins sold for a staggering $1.8 million, underlining its exceptional rarity and historical significance.
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6. 1804 Draped Bust Dollar: The King of Coins
Known as the “King of American Coins,” the 1804 Draped Bust Dollar is one of the most iconic and valuable coins in U.S. history. Though marked with the year 1804, these silver dollars were minted later and have a reputation steeped in intrigue.
Today, only eight Class I examples exist, making them exceedingly rare. In 2021, a specimen graded MS-66 sold for $7.6 million, cementing its legacy as a cornerstone of American numismatics.